Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
This message comes from Jackson ObjectMapper on Java 21.0.12. In this registry it is produced by 2 distinct mistakes. Positions in the real message vary with your input; the causes do not.
What produces this message
JavaScript object literal passed off as JSON
{a: 1, b: 'two', c: [3,],}Exact message: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
Fix: Run it through `JSON.stringify()` from JavaScript, or convert by hand: quote the keys, switch to double quotes, drop the trailing commas.
Unquoted object key in JSON
{a: 1}Exact message: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
Fix: Wrap every key in double quotes.
What other parsers say about the same input
If a colleague reports a different message for what looks like the same file, this is why.
| Parser | Message for the same inputs |
|---|---|
| CPython json.loads | Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line L column C (char N) |
| Gson | Expected name at line L column C path $… |
| Gson JsonParser (lenient off) | Expected name at line L column C path $… |
| JSON::PP | unexpected end of string while parsing JSON string, at character offset N (before "…") |
| JavaScriptCore JSON.parse | JSON Parse error: Expected '}' |
| Ruby JSON.parse | unexpected token at '…' |
| SpiderMonkey JSON.parse | JSON.parse: expected property name or '}' at line L column C of the JSON data |
| System.Text.Json Deserialize | 'a' is an invalid start of a property name. Expected a '"'. Path: $ | LineNumber: L | BytePositionInLine: C. |
| System.Text.Json JsonDocument | 'a' is an invalid start of a property name. Expected a '"'. LineNumber: L | BytePositionInLine: C. |
| V8 JSON.parse | Expected property name or '}' in JSON at position N (line L column C) |
| encoding/json Unmarshal | invalid character 'a' looking for beginning of object key string |
| json-bigint | Bad string |
| json_decode | Syntax error |
| orjson | unexpected character, expected a string key: line L column C (char N) |
| serde_json::from_str | key must be a string at line L column C |
| ujson | Expected object or value |
Standards this registry is checked against
- RFC 8259 (STD 90) — The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format, T. Bray, Ed., 2017. The IETF Internet Standard for JSON. Obsoletes RFC 7159 and RFC 4627.
- ECMA-404, 2nd edition — The JSON Data Interchange Syntax, Ecma International, 2017. Ecma’s grammar for JSON. A normative reference of RFC 8259; the two define the same syntax.
- The Unicode Standard — The Unicode Standard, Core Specification, The Unicode Consortium, current. Normatively referenced by RFC 8259 for the definition of a character.
- IEEE 754-2019 — IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic, IEEE, 2019. Referenced by RFC 8259 §6 as the basis for its interoperability guidance on numbers.
Only standards bodies and peer-reviewed venues are cited. Error strings on this site are observed by executing each parser; the standards above define what the parser is reacting to.